Jurnal Ilmu Produksi dan Teknologi Hasil Peternakan

Milk Production and Morphometrics Derived from Digital Images of Friesian and Holstein Cows in Different Lactation Periods

2024-06-30T14:18:54+07:00

This study was conducted to analyze milk production and morphometrics derived from digital images of Friesian and Holstein cows in smallholder farms located in Pondok Rangon, Lembang, and Cibungbulang Bogor in different lactation periods. The morphometric parameters measured in this study included body length, height, chest girth, and body weight. The findings indicated that Holstein cows exhibited greater body length, height, chest girth, and body weight compared to Friesian cows across all farms. Milk production in Friesian cows remained relatively stable from lactation periods one to three. Additionally, body length, height, chest girth, and body weight were found to influence the milk production of both Friesian and Holstein cows. Cows with longer body lengths, greater heights, higher body weights, and wider chest girths tended to produce more milk. Chest girth and weight emerged as the primary factors influencing milk production in Friesian and Holstein cows, while height, body length, and lactation
period also played significant roles.

Evaluation of Curcuma and Black Garlic Flour on Small Intestine Morphometrics, Carcass Weight, and Abdominal Fat of Broiler Chickens

2024-06-30T14:18:50+07:00

Curcuma flour and black garlic have potential benefits for chicken digestive health. A healthy digestive tract will help the process of absorbing feed more optimally. This research aimed to evaluate the potential of curcuma flour and black garlic in feed on small intestine morphometrics, carcass weight, and abdominal fat in broiler chickens. The study used 200 broiler chicken day-old chicks (DOC) randomly assigned to 5 treatments with 4 replications, including P0 = 100% commercial ratio (control), P1 = P0 + 2% black garlic, P2 = P1 plus 0.25% curcuma flour, P3 = P1 + 0.50% curcuma flour, and P4 = P1 + 0.75% curcuma flour. The study employed a completely randomized design (CRD), and the data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Significant differences between treatments were further tested using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. The results showed that supplementation with Curcuma flour and black garlic in feed did not have a significant effect (P>0.05) on feed consumption, slaughter weight, small intestine morphometrics, carcass weight, carcass percentage, abdominal fat weight, and abdominal fat percentage. The results of this study indicate that the evaluation of Curcuma flour up to 0.75% and black garlic 2% in broiler chicken feed does not affect the activity of the small intestine, broiler carcass, and abdominal fat, as reflected in normal organ weights.

The Effect of Binders on the Quality of Fermented Poultry Manure Pellets as Unconventional Feed

2024-06-30T14:18:46+07:00

Poultry manure has the potential to be used as a feed ingredient because it has a high enough protein and amino acid with less growth of patoghenic microorganism. The improvement of poultry manure as pellet can help to increase the palatability and feed storaging. This study aimed to determine the influence of different binders on the chemical and physical attributes of pellets derived from fermented poultry manure. Three binders, namely tapioca flour (T1), wheat flour (T2), and cassava flour (T3), were utilized in the fermentation process, with the fermented poultry manure. A 10% binder was added into the mixture, which was subsequently processed using a pelletizer. Each treatment was replicated three times, with each replication requiring 1500 g of the pellet mixture. Laboratory analyses were conducted to evaluate chemical quality through proximate analysis and gross energy assessment, while physical quality analyses included physical characteristics, measurements of diameter, length, and density, stacking density, stack compaction density, pellet durability index (PDI), modulus of uniformity, modulus of fineness, buoyancy, and water resistance. The results indicated that variations in binders did not yield numerically differences in dry matter content, organic matter, crude fat, crude fiber, and gross energy. Notably, pellets containing a wheat flour binder exhibited the highest crude protein content numerically. Furthermore, influenced the buoyancy test, with wheat flour binder showing the best buoyancy. This study recommends the adoption of wheat flour as a binder in the production of pellets based on fermented poultry manure.

Exploring the Potential of Omega-3 Enriched Egg Industry in Indonesia: Production, Consumer Demand, and Competitiveness

2024-06-30T14:18:42+07:00

People are worried about the health impacts of the cholesterol contained in egg. Various studies show that adding omega-3 to laying feed or drinking water will produce omega-3 eggs that are low in cholesterol. This research aims to determine the potential for developing the omega-3 egg industry
in Indonesia. Secondary data (from BPS and related literature), and primary data (from interviewed with sample farmers) were analyzed using revenue cost (R/C) ratio, willingness to Pay (WTP) and descriptives analysis. The findings showed that farmer produced omega-3 eggs from small scale (100 birds) to large scale (50,000 birds). Farmer introduce omega-3 through feed in the form of (1) a mixture of salmon oil with vegetable oil, (2) maggots (Hermetia illucens), and (3) processed fish waste. Each provided R/C ratios of 1.10, 1.34, and 1.52. The competitiveness of the omega-3 egg industry in Indonesia is quite strong, supported by (1) abundant sources of omega-3 supplement feed, (2) increasing demand for omega-3 eggs, (3) supported by feed and the pullet industry (4) low competition of omega-3 eggs producer, and (5) support for stunting reduction programs through protein consumption.

Characterization of Egg White Lysozyme from Local Duck Mojosari and Alabio

2024-06-30T14:18:39+07:00

Lysozyme, a natural antibacterial, has potential use in several applications. Generally, it is obtained from chicken egg whites. However, the idea of using local duck eggs as a source of lysozyme is not wellknown. This study aimed to isolate and purify the egg white of Mojosari and Alabio ducks to characterize lysozyme. Additionally, the study analyzed the effect of temperature treatment on lysozyme enzymatic activity. Three different temperature treatments were used: Low Temperature Long Time (63 ℃, 30’), High Temperature Short Time (72 ℃, 15”), and sterilization (121 ℃, 15’). The Amberlite resin cation exchange chromatography method was successfully used to isolate and purify Mojosari and Alabio duck egg whites, achieving purity levels of 94.92-96.09%. The presence of lysozyme was confirmed by the existence of bands that were primarily composed of lysozyme. The results showed that each aspect of the characteristics of lysozyme and enzymatic activity were significantly affected (p<0.05) by the type of egg white. Enzymatic activity indicated that Alabio duck lysozyme was thermosensitive and could only survive at LTLT temperature, while Mojosari duck lysozyme could survive at LTLT and HTST pasteurization temperatures. However, both lysozymes did not survive the sterilization temperature.

The Impact of Barns Microclimate Modification on the Beef Cattles Physiological Responses Raised in the Peatlands of Central Kalimantan

2024-06-30T14:18:36+07:00

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of cattle barns microclimate modification on the physiological response of beef cattles reared on peatland. This study used direct observation and experimental research methods. Microclimate modification is done by using asbestos material, gable roof type and roof height ≥3.5 meters, and vegetation arrangement. Data were collected through measurements of microclimatic parameters and physiological responses in the morning (06.30–07.30), at noon (11.30–12.30), and in the afternoon (16.30–17.30), with measurement intervals every month. The number of cattle barns observed was 46 units. The physiological parameter measurements involved 124 female beef cattle, consisting of 70 Bali and 54 crossbred cattle with physiological stages, gestating cows and lactation period. The results showed that modifying cattle barns and the surrounding environment can reduce the microclimate in the cattle barn as indicated by a decrease in THI from emergency to dangerous levels during the noonday
and from dangerous to caution levels in the afternoon. The improvement in microclimate conditions was also followed by a decrease in the level of heat stress as indicated by a decrease in the physiological responses of cows.

Evaluation of Acid Value, Free Fatty Acids, and Malondialdehyde (MDA) Content in Chevon Fat: A Pre- and Post-Roasting Comparison

2024-06-30T14:18:32+07:00

The roasting process using high heat will decrease the quality of fat and can produce toxic compounds that are mutagenic and carcinogenic to the body if consumed over a long period of time. This study aims to analyze the effect of roasting on chevon fat. The roasting process in this study was carried out using charcoal with a distance of 5 cm between the charcoal and the fat for 10 minutes. The observed test parameters were acid value, free fatty acids, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. The data obtained from the study were analyzed using a T-test based on the treatment of chevon fat before and after roasting. The results showed that the acid value and free fatty acid value of the fat after roasting were significantly (P<0.05) higher than before roasting, while the MDA value was not significantly different (P>0.05). This study indicates a change in the quality of chevon fat after roasting.

Regional Analysis of Sheep Business in Banjarnegara Regency

2024-06-30T14:18:28+07:00

Banjarnegara Regency is home to the local Batur sheep, known for their significant body weight. The community has been raising Batur sheep for generations, aiming to develop them into a regional economic driver. This study aims to analyze potential areas for sheep livestock development in Banjarnegara Regency. The data used came from the farm statistics of the Directorate-General for Farm and Animal Health in 2021. The location quotient (LQ), localization index (LI), and specialization index (SI) method were used to perform regional analysis of sheep business. The results of the survey showed that the base area of sheep farming in Banjarnegara district is distributed in the districts of Karangkobar, Pejawaran, Batur, and Wanayasa. The localization and specialization index showed that sheep farming is spread evenly throughout the district of Banjaregara, not concentrated in a particular region.