Jurnal Ilmu Nutrisi dan Teknologi Pakan

Evaluasi Kualitas Nutrien Dedak Padi di Provinsi Jawa Barat Berdasarkan Perbedaan Musim terhadap Standar Nasional Indonesia

I B Wibowo, Idat Galih Permana, Nahrowi — Tue, 30 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0700

This research aimed to analyze differences in the nutrient quality of rice bran during the rainy and dry seasons at all user levels in West Java Province for the 2016-2020 period compared to SNI 3178 in 2013. This research used secondary data from 306 samples from two laboratories, Feed Quality and Certification (BPMSP) Bekasi and Feed/Feed Ingredient Quality and Safety Testing Center (BPMKP/BP) Cikole Lembang, West Java. this study, used frequency distribution to provide a simple description of data collection, in contrast, rice bran users used percentages of test data suitable for rice bran according to SNI 3178 of 2013. The results showed that the conformity of rice bran nutrients to SNI in the dry season was better compared to the rainy season. The best percentage of SNI conformity at the rice bran user level was large users, suppliers, small users, and other users respectively.

Key words: quality of rice bran, rice bran, SNI rice bran

Penambahan Mikroenkapsulasi Sinbiotik (Bacillus subtilis dan Mannan oligosakarida) pada Pakan terhadap Profil Hematologi Ayam Broiler

Alditya Putri Yulinarsari, Niati Ningsih, Nur Muhamad — Tue, 30 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0700

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of microencapsulation synbiotics by combining Bacillus subtilis as a probiotic and Mannan oligosaccharide as a prebiotic on the haematological profile of broilers. A total of 100 broiler chickens were used in this research. The experimental design used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 four treatments, namely P0: Feed + 0% Synbiotic Microencapsulation; P1: Feed + 0.25% Synbiotic Microencapsulation; P2: Feed + 0.50% Synbiotic Microencapsulation; P3: Feed + 0.75% Synbiotic Microencapsulation. The treatment was repeated 5 five times and each replication consisted of 5 broilers. Research variables carried out through laboratory testing include the number of haemoglobin, erythrocytes, hematocrit, and the erythrocyte index, namely MCV (Mean Corpuscular Volume); MCH (Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin); MCHC (Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration). The results showed that there was no significant difference between treatments regarding the addition of synbiotics (B. Subtilis and Mannan oligosaccharide) on the haematological profile of broilers. The conclusion of the research was that the addition of synbiotic microencapsulation (Bacillus subtilis and Mannan oligosaccharide) in feed has the potential to support growth and maintain physiological conditions but is considered not capable of maintaining a stable level of broiler health.

Key words: Bacillus subtilis, broiler, Mannan oligosaccharide, synbiotic

Analisis Keragaman Kualitas Nutrien Berbagai Pakan Ruminansia di Wilayah Indonesia

Ratu Astrid Anggraeni Kamid, Lilis Khotijah, Nur Rochmah Kumalasari — Tue, 30 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0700

This research aimed to evaluate the quality diversity of ruminant feeds (forages, legumes, and concentrates) from various regions in Indonesia. The material used was a database of the proximate and Van Soest analysis results of ruminant feed (grass, legumes, and concentrates) at BPMSP Bekasi, Directorate General of Animal Husbandry and Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture for six years from 2016 to 2021. The data provided from the analysis included water content, ash content, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, TDN (calculation results), calcium, and Phosphorus. The data processing was done by calculating the average, standard deviation, and coefficient of variance (CV). The results showed that in the grass, the lowest CV for the dry matter was 4.67%, namely elephant grass, while the lowest CV TDN was for Setaria grass at 5.81%, brachiaria grass at 6.15% and king grass at 9.03%. Meanwhile, the test parameters for crude protein and crude fiber have CV values above 10%. On Legumes, it can be seen that the lowest CV in TDN was 8.16% in Gamal 10.64% in Indigofera, and 11.10% in Turi. Meanwhile, in dry matter parameters, crude protein, crude fiber, calcium, and Phosphorus have a CV value above 10%. Most of the CV values for ruminant feed are above 10%. It can be concluded that the test data on ruminant feed types has a high level of variation, and there may be a diversity.

Key words: data laboratory analysis, feed quality, ruminant feed

Daya Simpan Probiotik Bakteri Asam Laktat asal Larva Black Soldier Fly Terenkapsulasi

Tue, 30 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Lactic acid bacteria as probiotic candidates can be isolated from black soldier fly larvae. This study aimed to develop encapsulated lactic acid bacteria (LAB) probiotics from BSF larvae and to evaluate the effect of encapsulation on probiotic viability during 12 weeks of storage at room temperature and 4°C. The experimental design was a factorial completely randomized design with two treatments: storage temperature and storage
time. The variables observed are the number of cells and the level of cell resistance. The result showed that based on the growth curve of LAB isolates from BSF larvae, they could be harvested at 16 hours of age to be produced as probiotics. Encapsulated LAB probiotics from BSF larvae had a population of lactic acid bacteri (LAB) 107 CFU g-1 and were able to maintain the cell viability of 99.3%. Temperature and storage time
significantly affect (p<0.05) the viability of encapsulated LAB. It can be conclude that encapsulation was able to optimally maintain the LAB viability at temperature of 4°C for 4 weeks of storage.

Key words: black soldier fly larvae, encapsulation, probiotic, storability, viability

Effect of Gynura procumbens (Sambung Nyawa) on Sheep Performance, Health Status, and Methane Emission

Tue, 30 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Gynura procumbens (Sambung nyawa) has been widely used as a herbal medicine since it is rich in bioactive compounds. Moreover, Gynura procumbens also has become a potential plant that control parasitic nematode infection. The research aimed to investigate the effect of G. procumbens on sheep performance, health status, and methane production. A total of twelve six-month-old lambs (ABW 11.27 ± 2.19 kg) were categorized based on live weight and fed one of feed treatments: wild grasses (40%) and concentrate (60%) (control/P0), P0 + 5% G. procumbens (P1), and P0 + 10% G. procumbens (P2). Feed intake, parasitic infection, and physiological status were measured weekly. G. procumbens at 5% level showed normal respiration rate, but the respiration and heart rates of lambs were abnormal. The 10% G. procumbens increased daily weight gain. G. procumbens addition up to 10% reduced the number of Strongyloides on feces and enteric methane emissions compare to control. It concluded that 5% G. procumbens can be used as an anthelmintic forage by improving health status, performance, and reducing methane emissions of sheep.

Key words: Gynura procumbens, herb medicine, nematodes infection, parasite population, sheep performance

Optimization Cassamore (Cassava – Moringa Mix) Extrusion Process as A Feed Substitute for Corn

Sazli Tutur Risyahadi, Heri Ahmad Sukria, Hanifah Afrilia — Tue, 30 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0700

As a corn substitute, cassamore (Cassava – Moringa Mix) is an innovative local feed ingredient based on cassava with a mixture of palm kernel meal, cassava leaf flour and moringa extract processed by extrusion that can destroy antinutrients, improve nutrient content and digestibility. This study aimed to optimize the temperature and water content of the hydrothermal extrusion process, as well as to analyze the effect of extrusion on the physical and chemical characteristics of Cassamore as a corn substitution. The method used is response surface methodology in the statistical application of design expert 13 with extrusion temperature factors of 100, 110, 120 (^oC) and moisture content of 16, 18, 20 (%). Further research was carried out for the physical and chemical properties of Cassamore using a complete randomized design (CRD). The results showed that the water absorption index value is significant (p<0.05) with the optimal value located at 100 °C and 20% moisture content, while the water solubility index value is not significant. The values of bulk density, tapped density, and angle of repose on Cassamore after being extruded were smaller than those before being extruded. The bulk density and tapped density values for Cassamore were below corn, while Cassamore's angle of respose was above the corn. Cassamore's specific gravity value after extruding under corn. Chemical properties (Ash, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber) decreased after extrusion, but NFE increased after extrusion. It is concluded that Cassamore has a potency to replace corn.

Key words: cassava, corn, extrusion, moringa oleifera, palm kernel meal

Effect of Feeding Fruit and Vegetable Wastes on Growth and Protein Content of BSF Maggot (Hermetia illucens)

Resti Ananda, Henny Johan, Euis Nursaadah, Aceng Ruyani, Harlita — Tue, 30 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Black Soldier Fly maggot can reduce the amount of organic waste, especially fruit and vegetable wastes. Its break down organic waste into its food containing very high protein, so it become a promising animal feed. This study aimed to analyze effect of feeding tomato fruit waste and mustard vegetable waste on the growth and protein content of BSF maggot (Hermetia illucens). This study applied a complete randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments (different percentages of tomato and mustard vegetable wastes) and 3 replications. The growth parameters measured were mass, length, thickness of BSF maggot which were analyzed statistically using the ANOVA test and continued with the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test. Protein content was analyzed using the automatic Kjeldahl test. Our results showed that feeding fruit and vegetable wastes have a significant effect on growth (mass, length, thickness) and maggot protein levels. It can be concluded that feeding fruit and vegetable wastes affect the growth (mass, length, thickness) and protein content of BSF maggot.

Key words: growth, maggot, mustard waste, protein, tomato waste

Pengaruh Pakan Berbasis Silase dengan Penambahan Minyak Sawit dan Minyak Kelapa terhadap Kecernaan pada Domba Betina

Tue, 30 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0700

This study aimed to measure the level of nutrient digestibility in local sheep fed high-energy silage-based feed with added palm oil and coconut oil. Twelve adult ewes thathad given birth with an average body weight of 26.12 ± 3.13 kg and an average initial body condition score (BCS) of 1.7 ± 0.57 were used in this experiment. The basalt ration used was silage complete ration Sorinfer consisting of sorghum, indigofera, and concentrate. The treatments were P0= Sorinfer + 6% soybean meal (control), P1= P0 + 3% palm oil, and P2= P0 + 3% coconut oil. The variables measured included the consumption and digestibility of dry matter and nutrients. The data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA. If the results showed significant differences, further tests were performed using the Duncan test. The results showed that the addition of vegetable oil to the ration was able to increase the consumption of crude fat but decrease its digestibility. The addition of 3% coconut oil (P2) effectively increased the digestibility of organic matter, crude protein, and digestibility of Nitrogen-Free Extract (NFE) compared to controls, while rations with the addition of 3% palm oil (P1) effectively increased the digestibility of crude fiber compared to controls. The digestibility of ration nutrients in the 3% coconut oil addition treatment (P2) was more optimal than the control treatment and the addition of palm oil (P1).

Key words: local ewes, nutrient consumption, nutrient digestibility, oil, silage

Evaluasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi impor bungkil kedelai (SBM) sebagai pakan di Indonesia

Rini Wijayanti , Muhammad Ridla, Rita Mutia — Tue, 30 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0700

The increase in demand for feed impacts the availability of feed ingredients such as soybean meal (SBM), which is still 100% derived from imports. This study aimed to analyze the factors impacting the import of SBM as a crucial feed ingredient in Indonesia, offering insights for governmental policy-making. Secondary data spanning 2019-2022, encompassing SBM import quantities, price, and quality, were sourced from the Import Service Recommendation System. Additionally, annual feed production data were obtained from the Feed Directorate Information System, overseen by the Directorate General of Livestock and Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture, Republic of Indonesia. SBM prices were sourced from World Bank online data. The dataset spanned four years (2019-2022), each comprising twelve months, with eight parameters under examination. Multiple linear regression was employed to evaluate the influence of independent variables including price upon arrival in Indonesia (USD), moisture content, protein content, crude fiber content, crude fat content, feed production, and the world price (USD) on the dependent variable of import volume. The results showed that all independent variables significantly affect the volume of SBM imports. Partially, variables like feed production, international prices, prices upon arrival in Indonesia, and moisture content have a significant and negative effect on SBM imports. The coefficient of determination shows that the independent variables explain 66.1% of the import volume of SBM. The study highlights critical factors influencing SBM imports in Indonesia. Effective policies addressing these factors could enhance the sustainability of the poultry farming industry.

Key words: animal feed, import, linear regression, soybean meal

Karakteristik Fermentasi Kedelai yang Diperkaya Mineral Zn dengan Rhizopus sp.

Febriyanti Regina Cahyani, Toto Toharmat, Iwan Prihantoro — Tue, 30 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Zinc (Zn) supplementation is needed by livestock to overcome decreased body immunity due to problems with feed quality and environmental stress that affect their productivity levels. This research aims to analyze the fermentation characteristics of Rhizopus sp. on soybeans as a substrate with different levels of Zn mineral and fermentation times. This study uses a complete factorial design with 4 replications. Factor 1 is the Zn mineral level, namely 0, 400, 800, 1200, and 1600 ppm. Factor 2 is the fermentation time, namely 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 days. The data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and significantly different treatments were further tested with Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) in the SPSS 25 program. The results of the analysis indicate that Zn levels ≥800 ppm significantly (p<0.05) inhibit mycelium development on the first day of fermentation. Increasing Zn levels significantly (p<0.05) decreases the average acidity level and significantly (p<0.05) increases the substrate ash content, while fermentation time significantly (p<0.05) increases acidity level and decreases biomass, dry matter content, organic matter, and ash content of substrate. Zn level and fermentation time treatments influence the growth and performance of Rhizopus sp. in transforming soybean nutrients.

Key words: fermentation, Rhizopus sp., soybean, Zn mineral